β2 Glycoprotein I (Apolipoprotein H)/β2糖蛋白Ⅰ（載脂蛋白H）

?2 Glycoprotein I (Apolipoprotein H)

Diseases：
Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome / Thromboembolic Syndrome 

?2 glycoprotein I (?2 GP I) is a serum protein with a single polypeptide chain consisting of 326 amino acids and having a molecular weight of 50 kDa. The protein is also known by the alternative name Apolipoprotein H (ApoH) which gives an indication of its phospholipid binding function.

Since the detection of ?2 glycoprotein I as a target of antiphospholipid antibodies in 1990 the discussion about the clinical relevance of  β2 GP I has been controversial. It is well established that anticardiolipin antibodies are a very heterogeneous group and that ?2 GP I is only one of several potential targets for anticardiolipin antibodies. Nevertheless it is generally accepted that the binding of ?2 GP I to anionic lipids or surface is essential for the differential detection of anticardiolipin antibodies associated with autoimmune diseases (versus those associated with infectious diseases like syphilis, tuberculosis, AIDS etc).

The close relationship of ?2 GP I antibodies and cardiolipin antibodies may indicate that the ?2 GP I isotypes have the same clinical relevance as the cardiolipin isotypes, where IgM, IgG and IgA autoantibodies have been observed and are routinely determined diagnostic targets.

?2 GP I antibodies and anticardiolipin antibodies can be detected in patients with arterial and venous thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, thrombosis and SLE. The titers of anticardiolipin and anti-?2 GP I antibodies usually fluctuate sufficiently that they cannot be used for disease monitoring.

In a recent development, the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) – the so-called Sapporo criteria – have been revised to include the determination of anti-?2-glycoprotein I autoantibodies, thereby confirming the clinical relevance of this diagnostic parameter (follow this link for a more detailed news article).

Full-length ?2 glycoprotein I/apolipoprotein H from DIARECT is produced in the baculovirus expression system.

相關(guān)疾病：抗磷脂綜合征/血栓栓塞綜合征β2-糖蛋白1（β2-GP1）是一個(gè)血清蛋白含有一條326個(gè)氨基酸的多肽鏈，分子量為50kDa。這個(gè)蛋白也被稱作載脂蛋白H（ApoH），具有磷脂結(jié)合功能。自從1990年將β2-糖蛋白1的檢測作為抗磷脂抗體的靶標(biāo)起，關(guān)于β2-GP1臨床相關(guān)性的討論就沒有停止過?？剐募×字贵w是一個(gè)非常雜的群體，并且β2-GP1僅是抗心肌磷脂抗體若干潛在靶標(biāo)之一。然而β2-GP1與陰離子脂質(zhì)或表面的結(jié)合對(duì)于自免疾病相關(guān)抗心肌磷脂抗體的示差檢測是非常關(guān)鍵的（對(duì)于如梅毒、結(jié)核病、AIDS等感染性疾病相關(guān)的靶點(diǎn)）。β2-GP1與心肌磷脂抗體之間的緊密聯(lián)系可能預(yù)示β2-GP1同型與心肌磷脂同型有一些臨床相關(guān)性，臨床上已經(jīng)可以檢測到IgM，IgG，IgA自身抗體，并將其作為常規(guī)檢測的特征性靶標(biāo)。β2-GP1抗體和抗心肌磷脂抗體可以在動(dòng)脈和靜脈血栓形成、再發(fā)性流產(chǎn)，血栓形成和SLE病人中檢測到?？剐募×字贵w和抗β2-GP1抗體的滴定度通常起伏很大，所以不能用于疾病監(jiān)測。明確的抗磷脂綜合癥（APS）的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，也叫Sapporo標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，最近修訂了內(nèi)容，涵蓋了抗β2-GP1自身抗體的檢測，所以確認(rèn)了這個(gè)診斷參數(shù)的臨床相關(guān)性。DIARECT生產(chǎn)的全長β2-糖蛋白1/載脂蛋白H是在桿狀病毒表達(dá)系統(tǒng)中表達(dá)的。